1. He aha te takirere pūrerehua EN593?
Ko te takirere pūrerehua EN593 e pā ana ki tētahi takirere pūrerehua whakarewa i hangaia, i hangaia hoki i runga anō i te paerewa BS EN 593:2017, ko "Industrial Valves - General Metal Butterfly Valves" te taitara. Nā te British Standards Institution (BSI) tēnei paerewa i whakaputa, ā, e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa Pākehā (EN), e whakarato ana i tētahi anga whānui mō te hoahoa, ngā rauemi, ngā rahi, te whakamātautau, me te mahi a ngā takirere pūrerehua.
Ko ngā takirere pūrerehua EN593 e tohuhia ana e ō rātou tinana takirere whakarewa me ngā momo hononga rerekē, pērā i te momo-wafer, te momo-tu, te momo-rua-flanged rānei. Ka taea e ēnei takirere pūrerehua te mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga pēhanga me te pāmahana rerekē. Mā tēnei paerewa ka whakarite kia tutuki i ngā takirere ngā whakaritenga pakari mō te haumaru, te roa, te hototahi, me te pono.
2. Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o ngā Takirere Pūrerehua EN593
* Mahi huri-hauwhā: Ka mahi ngā takirere pūrerehua mā te huri i te kōpae takirere 90 nekehanga, ka taea ai te whakahaere rere tere me te whai hua.
* Hoahoa kiato: Ki te whakaritea ki ngā takirere kēti, ki ngā takirere pōro, ki ngā takirere porowhita rānei, he mama ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, he penapena wāhi, he mea tino pai mō ngā tāutanga he iti te wāhi.
* Ngā hononga pito kanorau: Kei te wātea i roto i ngā hoahoa wafer, lug, flange takirua, flange kotahi, momo-U rānei, e hototahi ana ki ngā pūnaha paipa rerekē.
* Ātete ki te waikura: He mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi kounga teitei e ātete ana ki te waikura kia mau tonu ai i roto i ngā taiao waikura.
* Taipana iti: I hangaia hei whakaiti i ngā whakaritenga taipana, hei whakahohe i te aunoatanga me ngā kaiwhakaoho iti ake, hei whakaiti hoki i ngā utu.
* Hiri kore-tūtaki: He maha ngā takirere EN593 he nohoanga ngohengohe rapa, he nohoanga whakarewa rānei, e whakarato ana i te hiri piri-mirumiru mō te mahi pono.
3. BS EN 593:2017 Taipitopito Paerewa
Mai i te tau 2025, ka whakamahia e te paerewa BS EN 593 te putanga 2017. He aratohu whānui te EN593 mō ngā takirere pūrerehua whakarewa, e whakaatu ana i ngā whakaritenga iti rawa mō te hoahoa, ngā rauemi, ngā ine, me te whakamātautau. Ko te kupu whakataki e whai ake nei he whakamārama taipitopito ki ngā ihirangi matua o te paerewa, e tautokona ana e ngā raraunga ahumahi.
3.1. Te whānuitanga o te paerewa
E pā ana te BS EN 593:2017 ki ngā takirere pūrerehua whakarewa mō ngā kaupapa whānui, tae atu ki te wehe, te whakahaere, te whakahaere rānei i te rere o te wai. E kapi ana i ngā momo takirere me ngā hononga pito paipa, pēnei i:
* Momo angiangi: He mea whakapiripiri i waenganui i ngā parirau e rua, he hanganga kiato, he hoahoa mama hoki.
* Momo pūtu: He kōhao whakauru miro, he pai mō te whakamahi ki ngā pito o ngā paipa.
* Takirua-rua: He flanges whakauru, he mea whakapiri tika ki ngā flanges paipa.
* Kotahi-tapa: Kei roto ngā tapa whakauru i te tuaka pokapū o te tinana takirere.
* Momo-U: He momo takirere momo-wafer motuhake me ngā pito flange e rua, ā, he whārite anga-ki-te-kanohi.
3.2. Te Awhe Pēhanga me te Rahi
E whakamārama ana te BS EN 593:2017 i ngā awhe pēhanga me te rahi mō ngā takirere pūrerehua:
* Ngā whakatauranga pēhanga:
- PN 2.5, PN 6, PN 10, PN 16, PN 25, PN 40, PN 63, PN 100, PN 160 (ngā whakatauranga pēhanga o Ūropi).
- Akomanga 150, Akomanga 300, Akomanga 600, Akomanga 900 (ngā whakatauranga pēhanga ASME).
* Awhe rahi:
- DN 20 ki te DN 4000 (te whānui ingoa, tata ki te 3/4 inihi ki te 160 inihi).
3.3. Ngā Whakaritenga Hoahoa me te Hanga
E whakamārama ana tēnei paerewa i ngā paearu hoahoa motuhake hei whakarite i te pono me te mahi a te takirere:
* Rauemi o te tinana takirere: Me hanga ngā takirere mai i ngā rauemi whakarewa pēnei i te rino ngāwari, te maitai waro (ASTM A216 WCB), te maitai kore waikura (ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M), te parahi konumohe rānei (C95800).
* Hoahoa kōpae takirere: Ka taea te whakatakoto i te kōpae takirere ki waenganui, ki te taha rerekē rānei (whakawhitiwhitihia hei whakaiti i te pakaru o te nohoanga me te taipana).
* Rauemi nohoanga takirere: Ka taea te hanga nohoanga takirere ki ngā rauemi pīwariwari (pēnei i te rapa, te PTFE rānei) me ngā rauemi whakarewa rānei, i runga i te whakamahinga. Ka ārai ngā nohoanga pīwariwari i te hiri kore turuturu, engari me tu atu hoki ngā nohoanga whakarewa i ngā pāmahana teitei me te waikura, me te kore turuturu.
* Ngā inenga kanohi ki te kanohi: Me tutuki ki ngā paerewa EN 558-1, ISO 5752 rānei kia pai ai te hototahi ki ngā pūnaha paipa.
* Ngā rahinga o te flange: Hototahi ki ngā paerewa pēnei i te EN 1092-2 (PN10/PN16), ANSI B16.1, ASME B16.5, BS 10 Ripanga D/E rānei, i runga i te momo takirere.
* Pūwhakaoho: Ka taea te whakahaere ā-ringa i ngā takirere (kākahu, pouaka rānei) te whakahaere aunoa rānei (pūwhakaoho hau, hiko, waipēhi rānei). Me tutuki te flange o runga ki ngā paerewa ISO 5211 kia taea ai te tāutanga pūwhakaoho paerewa.
3.4. Te Whakamātautau me te Tirotiro
Hei whakarite i te kounga me te mahi, e hiahiatia ana e te BS EN 593:2017 he whakamātautau pakari:
* Whakamātautau pēhanga waipēhi: E whakamana ana kāore he turuturu o te takirere i te pēhanga kua tohua.
* Whakamātautau whakahaere: Mā te whakahaere maeneene me te taipana tika i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakatauira.
* Whakamātautau turuturu: Whakaūtia te hiri piri-mirumiru o te nohoanga takirere rapa kia rite ki ngā paerewa EN 12266-1, API 598 rānei.
* Tiwhikete Tirotiro: Me whakarato te kaihanga i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau me ngā pūrongo tirotiro hei manatoko i te tutuki i ngā paerewa.
3.5. Ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Takirere Pūrerehua EN593
* Maimoatanga Wai: Whakahaere me te wehe i te rere o ngā wai māori, wai moana, wai para rānei. Nā ngā rauemi me ngā paninga ātete-waikura ka pai mō ngā taiao kino.
* Ngā Ahumahi Matū me te Hinu: Te whakahaere i ngā wai waikura pēnei i te waikawa, te kawakore, me ngā whakarewa, me te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pēnei i ngā nohoanga PTFE me ngā kōpae takirere kua whakakikoruatia ki te PFA.
* Hinu me te Hau: Te whakahaere i ngā wai pēhanga teitei, pāmahana teitei i roto i ngā paipa, ngā whare whakapai hinu, me ngā papaaho moana. He pai te hoahoa takirua-whakawhitinga mō tōna pakari i raro i ēnei āhuatanga.
* Ngā pūnaha HVAC: Te whakahaere i te rere o te hau, te wai, te hau mātao rānei i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamahana me te whakamatao.
* Te whakaputa hiko: Te whakahaere i te mamaoa, te wai whakamatao, me ētahi atu wai rānei i roto i ngā tipu hiko.
* Ngā umanga kai me te rongoā: Te whakamahi i ngā rauemi e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga a te FDA (pēnei i te PTFE me te EPDM kua whakamanahia e te WRA) hei whakarite kia kore e poke te mahi, kia tutuki hoki ngā paerewa akuaku.
3.6. Te Tiaki me te Tirotiro
Hei whakarite i te mahi roa, me tiaki tonu ngā takirere pūrerehua EN593:
* Auautanga o te tirotiro: Tirohia i ia ono marama ki te kotahi tau mō te pakaru, te waikura, ngā raruraru whakahaere rānei.
* Whakahinuhinu: Whakaitihia te waku me te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te takirere.
* Tirotiro i te Nohoanga me te Hiri o te Takirere: Manatokohia te pai o ngā nohoanga takirere rapa, whakarewa rānei hei ārai i ngā turuturu.
* Te Tiaki i ngā Pūwhakaoho: Kia tika te mahi a ngā pūwhakaoho hau, hiko rānei.
4. Te Whakataurite ki Ētahi Atu Paerewa API 609
Ahakoa e tika ana te BS EN 593 mō te whakamahinga whānui o ngā ahumahi, he rerekē tēnei i te paerewa API 609, i hangaia mō ngā tono hinu me te hau. Ko ngā rerekētanga matua ko:
* Arotahi ki te tono: Ko te API 609 e aro ana ki ngā taiao hinu me te hau, ko te BS EN 593 ia e kapi ana i te whānuitanga o ngā ahumahi, tae atu ki te maimoatanga wai me te hanga whānui.
* Ngā whakatauranga pēhanga: Ko te API 609 e kapi ana i te Akomanga 150 ki te Akomanga 2500, ko te BS EN 593 ia e kapi ana i te PN 2.5 ki te PN 160 me te Akomanga 150 ki te Akomanga 900.
* Hoahoa: E aro ana te API 609 ki ngā rauemi ātete-waikura kia tu atu ki ngā āhuatanga kino, ā, e āhei ana te BS EN 593 ki te whiriwhiri rauemi ngāwari ake.
* Whakamātautau: Me whakamātautau pakari ngā paerewa e rua, engari kei roto i te API 609 ētahi atu whakaritenga mō te hoahoa ātete ahi, he mea nui tēnei i roto i ngā tono hinu me te hau.
5. Whakamutunga
| Āhuatanga | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua i Whakamāramahia e EN 593 |
| Momo Takirere | Ngā takirere pūrerehua whakarewa |
| Te mahi | Ā-ringa, taputapu, hau, hiko |
| Ngā Ahu Mata-ki-te-Mata | E ai ki te EN 558 Raupapa 20 (wafer/lug) Raupapa 13/14 rānei (flanged) |
| Whakatauranga Pēhanga | Ko te tikanga PN 6, PN 10, PN 16 (tērā pea ka rerekē) |
| Te Mahana Hoahoa | I runga i ngā rauemi i whakamahia |
| Hototahitanga o te Flange | EN 1092-1 (ngā āputa PN), ISO 7005 |
| Ngā Paerewa Whakamātautau | EN 12266-1 mō ngā whakamātautau pēhanga me te turuturu |
Mā te paerewa BS EN 593:2017 ka whakaratohia he anga pakari mō te hoahoa, te hanga, me te whakamātautau i ngā takirere pūrerehua whakarewa, kia mau ai te pono, te haumaru, me te mahi puta noa i te whānuitanga o ngā tono. Mā te piri ki ngā whakaritenga o te paerewa mō ngā whakatauranga pēhanga, ngā awhe rahi, ngā rauemi, me te whakamātautau, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakaputa takirere e tutuki ana i ngā paearu kounga o te ao.
Ahakoa he takirere pūrerehua momo-wafer, momo-pū, he takirere pūrerehua takirua-rua rānei tāu e hiahia ana, mā te tutuki i te paerewa EN 593 ka whakarite kia pai te whakaurunga, te pakari, me te whakahaere wai pai.