1/Aroha

Ka kiia hoki te hama wai he hama wai. I te wā e kawe ana i te wai (me ētahi atu wai rānei), nā te whakatuwheratanga ohorere, te katinga rānei oTakirere Pūrerehua Api, ngā takirere kuaha, tirohia ngā kōrere mengā takirere pōro. ngā aukati ohorere o ngā papu wai, te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga ohorere o ngā whatu ārahi, me ētahi atu, ka huri ohorere te tere o te rere, ā, ka tino rerekē te pēhanga. He kupu mārama te pānga hama wai. E pā ana ki te hama wai kino i puta mai i te pānga o te rere o te wai ki te paipa ina tīmatahia, ina mutuhia hoki te papu wai. Nā te mea i roto i te paipa wai, he maeneene te pakitara o roto o te paipa, ā, ka rere noa te wai. Ina kati ohoreretia he takirere tuwhera, ina mutu rānei te papu tuku wai, ka puta he pēhanga ki te takirere me te pakitara paipa, ko te takirere, ko te papu rānei te nuinga. Nā te mea he maeneene te pakitara paipa, i raro i te mahi a te korehau o te rere o te wai e whai ake nei, ka tere te eke o te kaha waipēhi ki te mōrahi, ā, ka puta he pānga whakangaro. Koinei te "pānga hama wai" i roto i te waipēhi, arā, te hama wai pai. Engari, ina tuwhera ohoreretia he takirere kati, ina tīmatahia rānei te papu wai, ka puta hoki te hama wai, e kiia nei ko te hama wai kino, engari kāore i te rahi pērā i te mea o mua. Ka pā te pēhanga ki te pakitara o te paipa, ka puta te haruru, pērā i te hama e pā ana ki te paipa, nō reira i kiia ai ko te pānga hama wai.

2/Ngā Tūponotanga

Ka taea e te pēhanga ohorere e puta mai ana i te hama wai te eke ki ngā tekau, ki ngā rau rānei o te pēhanga mahi noa i roto i te paipa. Ka taea e ēnei piki me ngā heke o te pēhanga te whakaputa i te wiri kaha, te haruru rānei i roto i te pūnaha paipa, ā, ka kino pea ngā hononga takirere. He pānga kino rawa atu ki te pūnaha paipa. Hei ārai i te hama wai, me tika te hoahoa o te pūnaha paipa kia kore ai e tino teitei te tere rere. I te nuinga o te wā, me iti iho i te 3m/s te tere rere i hangaia mō te paipa, ā, me whakahaere te tere whakatuwhera me te kati o te takirere.
Nā te mea ka tīmata te papu, ka mutu, ka tere rawa te whakatuwheratanga me te kati o ngā takirere, ka tino rerekē te tere o te wai, inā koa te hama wai i puta mai i te mutu ohorere o te papu, ka kino pea ngā paipa, ngā papu wai, me ngā takirere, ā, ka huri te papu wai, ka whakaiti i te pēhanga o te whatunga paipa. He tino whakangaro te pānga o te hama wai: ki te nui rawa te pēhanga, ka pakaru te paipa. Engari, ki te iti rawa te pēhanga, ka hinga te paipa, ka kino hoki ngā takirere me ngā hononga. I roto i te wā poto rawa, ka piki ake te tere rere o te wai mai i te kore ki te tere rere kua whakatauria. Nā te mea he kaha nekeneke ngā wai, ā, he taumata pēhanga anō hoki, ko ngā huringa nui o te tere rere i roto i te wā poto rawa ka pā ki te paipa he pēhanga teitei, he pēhanga iti hoki.

3/whakaputa

He maha ngā take mō te hama wai. Ko ngā āhuatanga noa e whai ake nei:

1. Ka huaki, ka kati rānei te takirere;

2. Ka mutu ohorere, ka tīmata rānei te papu wai;

3. Kotahi te paipa e kawe ana i te wai ki tētahi wāhi teitei (neke atu i te 20 mita te rerekētanga teitei o te whenua e tuku ana i te wai);

4. He nui te pikinga katoa (te pēhanga mahi rānei) o te papu wai;

5. He nui rawa te tere o te rere o te wai i roto i te paipa wai;

6. He roa rawa te paipa wai, ā, he nui ngā rerekētanga o te whenua.
7. He tūponotanga huna te hanganga koretake i roto i ngā kaupapa paipa tuku wai
(1) Hei tauira, kāore te hanga o ngā pou sima mō ngā tī, ngā tuke, ngā whakaiti me ētahi atu hononga e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga.
E ai ki te "Ngā Ture Hangarau mō te Hangarau Paipa Whakarato Wai Polyvinyl Chloride Pakari i Tanuhia", me tāuta ngā pou wero sima ki ngā hononga pēnei i ngā tī, ngā tuke, ngā whakaiti me ētahi atu paipa he diameter ≥110mm hei ārai i te neke o te paipa. "Ngā pou wero konukuraiti" Kaua e iti iho i te taumata C15, ā, me maka ki te papa i runga i te turanga oneone taketake kua keria me te pari o te awaawa." Kāore ētahi rōpū hanga e aro nui ki te mahi a ngā pou wero. Ka whaohia e rātou he pou rakau, ka werohia rānei he kōhao rino ki te taha o te paipa hei pou wero. I ētahi wā he iti rawa te rōrahi o te pou sima, kāore rānei i ringihia ki runga i te oneone taketake. I tētahi atu taha, kāore ētahi pou wero i te kaha. Nō reira, i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te paipa, kāore e taea e ngā pou wero te mahi, ā, ka kore e whai hua, ka hē te tūnga me te pakaru o ngā hononga paipa pēnei i ngā tī me ngā tuke.
(2) Kāore te takirere whakaputa hau aunoa i tāutahia, kāore rānei i te tika te tūranga tāutanga.
E ai ki te mātāpono o te waipēhi, me hoahoa, me tāuta hoki ngā takirere putanga aunoa ki ngā wāhi teitei o ngā paipa i ngā wāhi maunga, i ngā pukepuke rānei he nui ngā piki me ngā heke. Ahakoa i ngā wāhi mania he iti ngā piki me ngā heke, me hoahoa horihori ngā paipa i te wā e keri ana i ngā awaawa. He piki me he heke, he piki, he heke rānei i roto i te āhua huringa, kaua e iti iho i te 1/500 te pari, ā, kia 1-2 ngā takirere putanga e hoahoahia ana ki te wāhi teitei o ia kiromita.
Nā te mea i te wā e kawe ana i te wai i roto i te paipa, ka mawhiti te hau i roto i te paipa ka kohikohi ki ngā wāhanga kua ara ake o te paipa, ka āraia te hau. Ina rerekē te tere o te rere o te wai i roto i te paipa, ka pēhia tonutia, ka whānuitia hoki ngā putunga hau i hangaia i roto i ngā wāhanga kua ara ake, ā, ka nui ake te pēhanga i puta i muri i te pēhanga i ngā tekau, i ngā rau rānei ngā wā i te pēhanga i puta i muri i te pēhanga o te wai (pūrongo tūmatanui: Pump Butler). I tēnei wā, ko tēnei wāhanga o te paipa me ngā tūponotanga huna ka arahi pea ki ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
• I muri i te rerenga o te wai ki runga i te paipa, ka memeha te wai e turuturu ana ki raro. Nā te mea ka āraia te rere o te wai e te pēke hau i roto i te paipa, ka wehea te pou wai.
• Ka pēhia te hau kua kōpeketia i roto i te paipa ki te taumata teitei rawa, ā, ka tere te horapa, ka pakaru te paipa.
• Ina haria te wai mai i tētahi puna wai nui ki raro i te wai i tētahi tere motuhake mā te rere o te kaha ā-papa, i muri i te kati tere o te takirere o runga, nā te koretake o te rerekētanga teitei me te tere rere, kāore te pou wai i roto i te paipa o runga e mutu tonu. Kei te neke tonu i tētahi tere. Ka rere te tere ki raro i te wai. I tēnei wā, ka hangaia he korehau i roto i te paipa nā te mea kāore e taea te whakakī anō i te hau i te wā tika, ka meinga te paipa kia memeha i te pēhanga kino, ā, ka pakaru.
(3) Kāore te oneone o te awaawa me te oneone whakakī i te whenua e tutuki ana i ngā ture.
He maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā rua kore-tika i ngā wāhi maunga, nā te mea he maha ngā kōhatu i ētahi wāhi. Ka keria ā-ringa ngā rua, ka pupuhihia rānei ki ngā pahū. He tino koretake te raro o te rua, ā, he kōhatu koi kei waho. Ina tūtaki ki tēnei, i tēnei wā, e ai ki ngā ture e tika ana, me tango ngā kōhatu i raro o te rua, ā, me whakatakoto kia neke atu i te 15 henimita te onepu i mua i te whakatakotoranga o te paipa. Heoi, he mahi hē ngā kaimahi hanga, he tapahi rānei i ngā kokonga, ā, i whakatakoto tika i te onepu me te kore e whakatakoto i te onepu, he tohu rānei ki te whakatakoto i ētahi onepu. Ka whakatakotoria te paipa ki runga i ngā kōhatu. Ina oti te whakakī anō, ā, ka whakamahia te wai, nā te taumaha o te paipa tonu, te pēhanga whenua poutū, te kawenga waka ki runga i te paipa, me te taupatupatu o te kaha ā-papa, ka tautokona e tētahi, e ētahi rānei kōhatu koi kua ara ake i raro o te paipa. , he nui rawa te kukū o te ahotea, he tino tūponotanga ka pakaru te paipa i tēnei wā, ka pakaru i te rārangi tika i tēnei wā. Koinei te mea e kiia ana e te tangata ko te "pānga kaute."

4/Ngā Inenga

He maha ngā tikanga tiaki mō te hama wai, engari me mahi ngā tikanga rerekē i runga i ngā tino take o te hama wai.
1. Mā te whakaiti i te tere rere o ngā paipa wai ka taea te whakaiti i te pēhanga hama wai ki tētahi taumata, engari ka whakanui ake i te whānui o ngā paipa wai, ka whakanui ake hoki i te haumitanga kaupapa. I te whakatakotoranga o ngā paipa wai, me whai whakaaro ki te karo i ngā piko, i ngā huringa nui rānei o te pari hei whakaiti i te roa o te paipa wai. Ka roa ake te paipa, ka nui ake te uara hama wai ina mutu te papu. Mai i te teihana papu kotahi ki ngā teihana papu e rua, ka whakamahia he puna momi wai hei hono i ngā teihana papu e rua.
Hama wai ina mutu te papu

Ko te mea e kiia nei ko te hama wai aukati-pamu e pā ana ki te āhuatanga wiri waipēhi i puta mai i ngā huringa ohorere o te tere rere i roto i te papu wai me ngā paipa pēhanga ina whakatuwheratia, ina mutu te takirere nā te motuhanga hiko ohorere, nā ētahi atu take rānei. Hei tauira, ko te korenga o te pūnaha hiko, o ngā taputapu hiko rānei, te korenga o te waeine papu wai i ētahi wā, me ētahi atu, ka hua ake te whakatuwheratanga o te takirere me te mutu o te papu centrifugal, ka hua ake he hama wai ina mutu te papu. Ko te rahi o te hama wai ina mutu te papu e pā ana ki te pane āhuahanga o te rūma papu. Ko te teitei ake o te pane āhuahanga, ko te nui ake o te uara hama wai ina mutu te papu. Nō reira, me whiriwhiri he pane papu whaitake i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te rohe.

Ka taea e te pēhanga mōrahi o te hama wai ina mutu te papu te eke ki te 200% o te pēhanga mahi noa, neke atu rānei, ka taea te whakangaro i ngā paipa me ngā taputapu. Ka puta te " turuturu wai" me te korenga o te wai i ngā aituā whānui; ka puta te waipuke i te rūma papu, te pakaru o ngā taputapu, me ngā whare i ngā aituā nui. Ka pakaru, ka whara rānei te tangata, ka mate rānei.

I muri i te whakamutu i te papu nā te aituā, tatari kia kī tonu te paipa i muri i te takirere tirotiro i te wai i mua i te tīmatanga o te papu. Kaua e whakatuwhera katoatia te takirere putanga o te papu wai i te wā e tīmata ana te papu, ki te kore ka pā te wai nui. He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā aituā nui o te hama wai i roto i te maha o ngā teihana papu i raro i ēnei āhuatanga.

2. Whakatūria te taputapu whakakore hama wai
(1) Te whakamahi i te hangarau whakahaere ngaohiko pumau
Ka whakamahia he pūnaha whakahaere aunoa PLC hei whakahaere i te papu me te tere auau rerekē, me te whakahaere aunoa i te mahi o te pūnaha rūma papu wai katoa. Nā te mea kei te huri tonu te pēhanga o te whatunga paipa wai me ngā huringa o ngā āhuatanga mahi, he maha ngā wā ka puta te pēhanga iti, te pēhanga nui rānei i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te pūnaha, ka taea ai te hanga hama wai, ka pakaru ai ngā paipa me ngā taputapu. Ka whakamahia he pūnaha whakahaere aunoa PLC hei whakahaere i te whatunga paipa. Ka kitea te pēhanga, ka whakahaere urupare i te tīmatanga me te mutunga o te papu wai me te whakatikatika tere, ka whakahaere i te rere, ā, ka mau tonu te pēhanga ki tētahi taumata. Ka taea te whakarite i te pēhanga wai o te papu mā te whakahaere i te rorohiko iti hei pupuri i te pēhanga tonu o te tuku wai me te karo i ngā piki me ngā heke o te pēhanga. Ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te hama wai.
(2) Tāutahia te whakakore hama wai
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka ārai tēnei taputapu i te hama wai ina mutu te papu. Ko te tikanga, ka tāutahia tata ki te paipa putanga o te papu wai. Ka whakamahia te pēhanga o te paipa tonu hei mana hei whakatutuki i te mahi aunoa pēhanga iti. Arā, ina iti iho te pēhanga i roto i te paipa i te uara tiaki kua whakaritea, ka tuwhera aunoa te putanga waikeri ki te waikeri. Ka whakamahia te whakamama pēhanga hei whakataurite i te pēhanga o ngā paipa ā-rohe, hei ārai hoki i te pānga o te hama wai ki ngā taputapu me ngā paipa. E rua ngā momo o ngā whakakore waikeri: he mīhini me he waipēhi. Ka whakahokia ā-ringa ngā whakakore waikeri i muri i te mahi, engari ka taea te tautuhi anō i ngā whakakore waipēhi.
(3) Tāutahia he takirere ārai kati puhoi ki runga i te paipa putanga papu wai whānui-rahi

Ka taea e ia te whakakore i te hama wai ina mutu te papu, engari nā te mea ka rere mai tetahi nui o te wai inaApi 609Ina whakahohea te takirere, me whai paipa waipuke te puna momi wai. E rua ngā momo takirere tirotiro kati-pōturi: te momo hama me te momo rokiroki pūngao. Ka taea e tēnei momo takirere te whakarite i te wā kati o te takirere i roto i tētahi whānuitanga e hiahiatia ana (nau mai ki te whai mai: Pump Butler). I te nuinga o te wā, ka kati te takirere i te 70% ki te 80% i roto i te 3 ki te 7 hēkona i muri i te motuhanga hiko. Ko te toenga o te 20% ki te 30% o te wā kati ka whakaritea kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te papu wai me te paipa, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te awhe o te 10 ki te 30 hēkona. He mea tika kia mōhiotia, ina he pūkohu i roto i te paipa, ā, ka puta he hama wai, he tino iti te mahi a te takirere tirotiro kati-pōturi.
(4) Whakatūria he pourewa whakahaere pēhanga kotahi te ara
Ka hangaia i te taha o te teihana papu, i tētahi wāhi tika rānei i runga i te paipa, ā, ko te teitei o te pourewa ngaru kotahi-ara he iti iho i te pēhanga o te paipa i reira. Ina he iti iho te pēhanga i roto i te paipa i te taumata wai i roto i te pourewa, ka whakakīia e te pourewa whakahaere pēhanga te wai ki te paipa hei ārai i te pou wai kei pakaru, ā, ka piriti i te hama wai. Heoi, he iti noa iho tōna pānga whakaiti pēhanga ki te hama wai ehara i te hama wai aukati papu, pērā i te hama wai kati takirere. Hei tāpiri, me tino pono te mahi a te takirere kotahi-ara e whakamahia ana i roto i te pourewa whakahaere pēhanga kotahi-ara. Kia pakaru te takirere, ka puta pea he hama wai nui.
(5) Whakatūria he paipa karo (valve) i roto i te teihana papu
Ina mahi noa te pūnaha papu, ka kati te takirere tirotiro nā te mea he teitei ake te pēhanga wai i te taha pēhanga o te papu i te pēhanga wai i te taha momi. Ina mutu ohorere te papu i te motuhanga hiko ohorere, ka heke tere te pēhanga i te putanga o te teihana papu wai, ā, ka piki tere te pēhanga i te taha momi. I raro i tēnei pēhanga rerekē, ka panaia e te wai pēhanga teitei i roto i te paipa matua momi wai te pereti takirere takirere tirotiro ka rere ki te wai pēhanga iti i roto i te paipa matua wai pēhanga, ka piki ake te pēhanga wai iti i reira; i tetahi atu taha, ka whakaitihia hoki te pikinga o te pēhanga hama wai i te taha momi o te papu wai. Mā tēnei, ka whakahaeretia te pikinga me te hekenga o te pēhanga hama wai i ngā taha e rua o te teihana papu wai, ā, ka whakaitihia, ka āraihia hoki ngā tūponotanga hama wai.
(6) Whakatūria he takirere tirotiro maha-wāhanga
I roto i tētahi paipa wai roa, tāpirihia tētahi, neke atu rāneitakirere tirotiro, wehea te paipa wai kia maha ngā wāhanga, ka tāutahia he takirere tirotiro ki ia wāhanga. Ina hoki mai te wai i roto i te paipa wai i te wā e pēhia ana te hama wai, ka katihia ia takirere tirotiro tetahi i muri i tetahi hei wehewehe i te rere o te wai whakamuri kia maha ngā wāhanga. Nā te mea he iti te pane wai i roto i ia wāhanga o te paipa wai (te wāhanga rere o te wai whakamuri rānei), ka whakaitihia te tere rere o te wai. Whakakaha hama. Ka taea te whakamahi pai i tēnei tikanga tiaki i ngā āhuatanga he nui te rerekētanga teitei o te tuku wai āhuahanga; engari kāore e taea te whakakore i te tūponotanga o te wehenga o te pou wai. Ko tōna ngoikoretanga nui ko: te pikinga o te whakamahinga hiko o te papu wai i te wā e mahi noa ana, me te pikinga o ngā utu tuku wai.