1. Whakaahuatanga poto
E mōhiotia whānuitia anangā takirere pūrerehuaHe tino whai hua, he iti te hoahoa, ā, he iti te utu, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā ahumahi maha. Heoi, pērā i ngā wāhanga mīhini katoa, ka taea hoki e ngā takirere pūrerehua te rahua. Ka wehea ngā rahua ki ngā mea whānau mai me ngā mea whiwhi mai. Ko ngā hapa whānau mai e pā ana ki ngā hapa hanga, pērā i te pakeke koretake, ngā pakaru rānei o te nohoanga takirere. Ko ngā hapa whiwhi mai i te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i ngā wero maha ka pā ki te mahi. Ko ngā turuturu ka puta mai i ngā hiri kua pakaru, te tāutanga hē, te kino mīhini rānei. Ka taea e te waikura me te waikura te kino i ngā wāhanga takirere, ka arahi ki ngā rahua. Ko te kore e ranea te hiri nā te kore hototahi o ngā rauemi, ngā raruraru rānei o te actuator ka kaha ake te whakararuraru i ngā raruraru whakahaere. Nō reira, he mea nui te mārama ki ngā raruraru pea o ngā takirere pūrerehua me te whakarite i te roa o te mahi me te pono o ngā takirere pūrerehua mā te tāutanga tika, te tiaki auau me ngā whakatikatika wā.
2. Ngā raruraru noa o ngā takirere pūrerehua
Mō ngā hapa hanga whānau o ngā takirere pūrerehua, zfawheketere takirere pūrerehuakua whakapai ake, kua whakapai ake, kua karo hoki i te hoahoa, te hangarau whakaputa me te whakamahinga rauemi i muri i te 18 tau o te rangahau uaua. Ā, ka whakamatautauria ia takirere pūrerehua i mua i te wehenga atu i te wheketere, ā, e kore ngā hua kāore i te tino tika e rere atu i te wheketere.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi kāore e tika ana mō te wai, te hau rānei e whakahaerea ana ka pakaru wawe ngā wāhanga o te takirere. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā kino ā-ringa, pērā i te pānga, te pikinga o te pēhanga, te horo rānei, ka pakaru pea ngā wāhanga o roto o te takirere, ka nui ake ai ngā raruraru turuturu.
Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā hapa hangahanga pēnei i ngā hapa whakarewa, i te miihini hē rānei, ka raru pea te hanganga o te takirere. He maha ngā wā ka puta he mata koretake, he pakaru rānei i ēnei hapa e kore ai e tika te hiri.
Ko ngā take me ngā otinga mō ngā hapa kua riro mai i te tinana e whai ake nei.
2.1 Te turuturu o te takirere pūrerehua
He raruraru noa te turuturu o te takirere pūrerehua e whakararuraru ana i te mahi, e whakaiti ana i te pai o te mahi, ā, tera pea he āhua morearea.
2.1.1 Ngā take o te turuturu
He maha ngā āhuatanga e puta ai te turuturu o te takirere pūrerehua. I kī te tohunga a Huang: "Ko ngā hiri kua pakaru, te tāutanga hē me te kore hototahi o ngā rauemi ngā tino take o te turuturu o te takirere pūrerehua. Mā te whakaoti i ēnei raruraru mā te hangarau tika me te whiriwhiri rauemi ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te turuturu."
*Ngā hiri kua pakaru
Ka roa te wā, ka pakaru ngā hiri nā te waku, te riri o te pāpāho, te nui rawa rānei o te pāmahana. Ka whakararu tēnei i te kaha hiri o te takirere pūrerehua.
*Tāutanga hē
Ka ngoikore te pumau o te hiri mēnā he hē te tūnga, he koretake rānei te whakau o te pūtu i te wā tāutanga, he kore taurite te kaha, me ērā atu mea. Ka nui rawa te pēhanga o te hiri mēnā he maha ngā huringa, he hē rānei te tūnga whakatuwhera/kati, ka tere ake te pakaru.
* Te kōwhiringa rauemi hē
Hei tauira, i roto i te taiao pāmahana iti, me whiriwhiri te LCC engari me whakamahi te WCB. He raruraru tēnei, ehara i te raruraru. He mea nui kia hokona ngā takirere mai i ngā kaihanga he tino pakari ā rātou tukanga whakahaere kounga. Hei karo i ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te hanga, ki te kore rānei koe e tino mōhio ki te whirihoranga e hiahiatia ana e te takirere pūrerehua, waiho tēnei take ki te kaihanga takirere pūrerehua ngaio-ZFA hei āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri. Ka whakarite a ZFA kia tutuki te takirere i ngā paerewa ahumahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o ngā hapa.
2.1.2 Otinga mō te turuturu
Ko te whakaoti rapanga turuturu me whakamahi i ngā mahi ārai me ngā mahi whakatikatika.
* Ngā mahere tiaki auau
Me kite wawe ngā tirotiro i ngā hiri kua tawhito, kua pakaru rānei, kia taea ai te whakakapi i te wā tika.
Mā te horoi i te takirere me te tango i ngā paru ka ārai i te pakaru koretake.
* Ngā tikanga tāutanga tika
Mā te whakarite tika i te takirere me te whakau i ngā pūtu kia rite ki ngā aratohu a te kaihanga ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te turuturu.
Whakauruhia ngā pūtu mā roto i ngā kōhao o te takirere pūrerehua me te paipa. Kia tino tika te tūnga o te takirere pūrerehua ki te paipa. Hei whakamutunga, whakaukia ngā pūtu kia ōrite.
Mā ngā tikanga tāutanga tika ka pai ake te pono.
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* Ngā whakatikatika whakahaere
Mā te whakarite kia mahi te takirere i roto i tōna awhe pēhanga i hangaia ai, ka whakaitihia te ahotea ki ngā hiri me ētahi atu wāhanga.
2.2 Te mau o ngā wāhanga takirere
Ngā hua o te rangahau pūtaiao: "Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te waku, te waikura, te horo me ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana te whakaiti i te mahi a ngā wāhanga takirere nui, ka arahi ki te turuturu me te koretake o te mahi."
He hua tūturu te pakaru o ngā wāhanga o te takirere pūrerehua o te whakamahinga roa, ā, e kore e taea te karo. Heoi, mā te mārama ki ngā take, kātahi ka āta karohia, ka taea te whakaiti i te pānga o tēnei raruraru, me te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te takirere.
2.2.1 Ngā take o te kakahu
He maha ngā āhuatanga e pakaru ai ngā wāhanga o te takirere pūrerehua.
*Te waku
Ko te waku tētahi o ngā tino take. Ko te pa tonu i waenga i te kōpae takirere me te nohoanga takirere i te wā e whakahaerehia ana ka puta he waku, ka āta haehae, ka waikura hoki te rauemi. Ka ngoikore te kaha o te takirere ki te pupuri i te hiri tika.
Tērā anō hoki te pirau e puta mai ana i ngā wai tere-rahi, i ngā matūriki whakakoi rānei e haere ana i roto i te kōpae takirere me te nohoanga takirere. Ka pā ēnei matūriki ki te mata o roto o te takirere, ka āta pakaru, ka whakaiti i tōna whai huatanga.
*Te waikura
Ka waikura ngā wāhanga whakarewa mēnā ka pāngia e ngā matū kino, e te makuku rānei, ina pāngia e ngā pāpāho me ngā taiao o waho. I roto i te wā, ka ngoikore te kaha o te hiri o te takirere nā tēnei waikura tae noa ki te turuturu.
*Tāutanga hē
Mā te hē o te tūnga o te takirere, te hē rānei o te whakatakotoranga o te kakau takirere ka nui ake te pēhanga ki runga i ngā wāhanga, ā, ka kore e ōrite te kakahu.
*Ngā hapa whakahaere
Mā te whakamahi nui rawa, te whakamahi rānei i te takirere ki tua atu i tōna awhe pēhanga ka raru pea i te wā wawe.
*Ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana
Ka taea e ngā piki me ngā heke nui o te pāmahana waenga i roto i te wā poto te whakawhanui me te whakawhāiti i te rauemi, ka arahi pea ki ngā kapiti, ki te ngenge rānei o te rauemi.
2.2.2 Ngā otinga kakahu
*Ngā takirere kounga teitei mai i ngā kaihanga pono
Ko te tikanga, ka taea e ngā takirere pūrerehua kounga teitei te whakaiti i te pakaru wawe. Nā te mea he mea hanga ēnei takirere pūrerehua ki ngā rauemi pakari me te mahi toi tino pai, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te pakaru wawe.
*Ngā tirotiro auau
Me arotahi ngā mahi tirotiro ki te kimi i ngā tohu tōmua o te pakaru, pērā i te angiangi, te pakaru rānei o te nohoanga takirere, te pakaru, te rerekētanga rānei o te pereti takirere, me ētahi atu. Mā te whakakapinga i ngā wāhanga pakaru i te wā tika ka ārai i ngā pakaru anō.
*Te tāutanga tika
Mā te whakarite tika i te takirere me te aro ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ahunga rere me te ahunga o te kakau takirere ka taea te whakaiti i te ahotea koretake ki ngā wāhanga. Ka taea te whai i ngā tohutohu tāutanga me te whakahaere a te kaihanga.
2.3 Te waikura o te takirere pūrerehua
He wero nui te waikura e whakararu ana i te mahi me te ora o ngā takirere pūrerehua. Ka ngoikore ngā wāhanga matua i te waikura, ā, ka arahi pea ki te rahunga o te pūnaha.
2.3.1 Ngā take o te waikura
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā te waikura o te takirere pūrerehua.
*Te pānga ki ngā matū
Ko ngā takirere e mahi ana i roto i ngā taiao kei reira ngā matū waikura (pērā i te waikawa, i te kawakore rānei) ka pāngia e te waikura tere.
*Ngā taiao mākū
Ki te roa te wā e pāngia ana e te wai, e te haumākū nui rānei, ka waikura pea ngā wāhanga whakarewa, ka puta ai te waikura. He tino raruraru tēnei mō ngā takirere i hangaia ki te maitai waro, kāore nei i te ātete ki te waikura pērā i te maitai kore waikura, i ētahi atu koranu rānei.
*Te waikura-te pirau
Ko te horo e pā ana ki te huinga o te kakahu ā-mīhini me te whakaekenga matū, e whakanui ake ana i te raruraru waikura o ngā takirere pūrerehua. Ka taea e ngā wai tere-rahi, e ngā matūriki whakakoi rānei te tango i te paninga tiaki o te pereti takirere, ka whakaatuhia te konganuku i raro i te pāpāho, ka tere ake te waikura.
2.3.2 Ngā otinga waikura
*Te whiriwhiringa rauemi
Mena he waikura te taiao o waho, me whiriwhiri ngā rauemi ātete-waikura (pērā i te maitai kore waikura, i ngā koranu paninga motuhake rānei) mō te tinana takirere, te kakau takirere, me te tāpine. Mā tēnei ka pai ake te mau o te takirere pūrerehua i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
I taua wā anō, mō ngā tono e pā ana ki ngā matū waikura, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā nohoanga takirere PTFE me ngā pereti takirere kua pania ki te PTFE. Mā tēnei ka whakaratohia te tiaki matū e tika ana.
*Te tiaki i ia rā
Tirohia i ia wā, kia kitea ai ngā tohu tōmua o te waikura, me ētahi atu.
Horoia te takirere ka tangohia tetahi paru, tetahi puranga rānei.
Mā te paninga o ngā paninga tiaki, ngā aukati rānei hei waihanga i tētahi ārai i ngā matū waikura ka roa ake te ora o te takirere.
Mā ngā tikanga tāutanga tika, me te whakarite kia tika te tūnga o te takirere, kia mau hoki te here, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumahatanga ki ngā wāhanga. Āraia te kohikohinga o te makuku me ngā matū ki roto i ngā kapiti, i ngā āputa rānei.
Mā te whakahaere i ngā rere nui me te tātari i ngā matūriki whakakoi ka ārai i te waikura.
Hei tāpiritanga, mā te hoko i ngā takirere pūrerehua mai i ngā kaihanga pono ka tino ātete te hua ki te waikura. Nā te mea ka piri rātou ki ngā paerewa whakahaere kounga tino pakari, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o ēnei hapa.
2.4 Ngā hapa hanga o ngā takirere pūrerehua
Ka pā kino ngā hapa hanga o ngā takirere pūrerehua ki tōna mahi, tōna pono me tōna haumaru.
2.4.1 Ngā hapa noa
* Ngā hapa whakarewa
Ka taea e ngā hapa pēnei i ngā kōhao onepu, ngā kapiti, ngā mata koretake rānei te whakararu i te hanganga o te takirere. Ka taea e te wai te tomo ki te tinana takirere mā roto i ngā kōhao onepu, engari ka taea e ngā kapiti te puta he turuturu.
* Ngā wāhanga i tukatukahia hē,
Ka taea e ngā kōpae takirere kāore i te kōpiko, ngā rahi hē, ngā mata hiri kore ōrite rānei te whakararu i te kaha o te takirere ki te pupuri i te hiri piri.
* Ngā rauemi kāore i te whai mana
Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi kāore i te tino tika i te wā o te mahi whakaputa ka taea te whakaiti i te roa o te ora o te takirere. Hei tauira, mā te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi kāore e taea te tu atu i te pāmahana, i ngā āhuatanga matū rānei o te taiao mahi ka taea te pakaru wawe, te waikura rānei.
* Ngā hapa huihuinga
Ka taea e ngā hapa huihuinga i te wā o te tukanga whakaputa te whakararu i ngā wāhanga, te wetewete rānei i ngā hononga. Tērā pea kāore ēnei hapa e kitea i roto i te wā poto. Engari i roto i te wā, ka whakaitihia te mahi whānui o te takirere.
2.4.2 Ngā otinga hei whakaoti i ngā hapa
* Mana whakahaere kounga
Ko te whakaoti rapanga hangahanga me whakatinana i ngā tikanga whakahaere kounga tino pakari i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. Me tirotiro pai ngā kaihanga i ia wāhanga o te whakaputanga, mai i te whiriwhiri rauemi mata ki te huihuinga whakamutunga. Ngā tikanga whakamātautau kore-whakangaro pērā i te metallography hei kite i te spheroidization, te kimi i te ihirangi o te kāpia nohoanga takirere, te whakamātautau ngenge, me ētahi atu. Tae atu ki te kite i ngā hapa o roto pērā i te porosity, te ngatata rānei.
* Te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa
Mā te tutuki i ngā paerewa ahumahi ka pumau te kounga o te whakaputanga. Me whai ngā kaihanga i ngā aratohu kua whakaritea mō te whiriwhiri rauemi, ngā ātete tukatuka, me ngā tikanga huihuinga. Mā te tutuki i ēnei paerewa ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā hapa, ā, ka whakapai ake i te pono whānui o te takirere.
* Ngā mīhini me ngā hangarau matatau
Mā te haumi ki ngā mīhini matatau me ngā hangarau hanga ka taea te whakapai ake i te tika me te whakaiti i ngā hapa. Hei tauira, mā te miihini mana tau rorohiko (CNC) ka tika ngā inenga o ngā wāhanga, ā, mā ngā pūnaha huihuinga aunoa ka whakaitihia ngā hapa tangata.
* Te whakangungu kaimahi
Mā te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi ki ngā tikanga hanga pai rawa atu ka taea te whakaiti i ngā hapa. Mā ngā kaimahi mātau e mōhio ana ki ngā tikanga tukatuka, huihuinga, me te tirotiro ka āwhina i te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hanga.
2.5 Te tāutanga hē o ngā takirere pūrerehua
Ka taea e te tāutanga hē te pakaru o te takirere pūrerehua, te whakaiti i te pai o te mahi, me te whakanui ake i ngā utu tiaki.
2.5.1 Ngā hapa tāutanga noa
* Te hē o te tūnga
Ina kore te takirere e tika te tūnga ki te paipa, ka pā te taumahatanga kore taurite ki ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā pūtu. Ka hua ake tēnei i te pakaru wawe, ā, ka turuturu pea.
Hei tāpiritanga, mā te whakakī rawa i ngā pūtu ka kino te gasket, ka whakapē rānei i te tinana o te takirere, ā, mā te whakakī rawa ka wetekina ngā hononga me ngā turuturu.
* Kāore he tirotiro tuarua i mua i te tāutanga.
I mua i te tāutanga, me tirotiro te paipa mō ngā paru, ngā paru, ētahi atu paru rānei ka ārai i te mahi a te takirere.
2.5.2 Ngā otinga mō te tāutanga tika
* Tirotiro i mua i te tāutanga
Tirohia te paipa mō ngā paru, kia tino ma hoki te mata hei ārai i te aukati.
Tirohia te takirere mō tetahi kino, tetahi hapa rānei e kitea ana.
Whāia ngā tohutohu a te kaihanga.
* Tāutanga whakarārangi
Mā te whakarite kia tino tika te tūnga o te takirere ki te paipa ka whakaitihia te ahotea ki ngā wāhanga, ka whakaitihia hoki te mōrearea o te turuturu.
Mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu whakarārangi ka āwhina i te whakatutuki i te tūnga tika.
Whakamahia te taipana tika i te wā e whakakīkī ana i te pūtu kia kore ai e tino whakakīkī, e kore rānei e tino whakakīkī.
2.6 Ngā raruraru whakahaere
Ko ngā raruraru whakahaere o ngā takirere pūrerehua ka arahi pinepine ki te mahi ngoikore me te pakaru wawe. Ko te kimi i te pūtake o te take me te whakatinana i ngā mahi whakatikatika ko ngā huarahi matua hei pupuri i te mahi tino pai me te whakaroa i te roa o te ratonga.
2.6.1 Ngā take o ngā raruraru whakahaere
Ka nui rawa te kaha ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakahaere i te wā e whakatuwhera ana, e kati ana rānei i te takirere, ka kino pea ngā wāhanga o roto. Mā te hurihanga pinepine ki tua atu i te rohe hoahoa o te takirere ka tere ake te pakaru me te whakaiti i tōna whai huatanga.
2.6.2 Ngā otinga mō ngā take whakahaere
Ko te whakaoti rapanga whakahaere me whakangungu i ngā kaiwhakahaere. Mā te whakarato whakangungu whānui ka mārama ngā kaimahi ki ngā herenga hoahoa o te takirere me ngā tikanga whakahaere tika.
He mea nui kia mau tonu ngā āhuatanga mahi i roto i ngā rohe hoahoa. Mā te aroturuki i ngā taumata pēhanga me te pāmahana ka whakarite kia mahi te takirere kia rite ki te mea e tumanakohia ana.
2.7 Te Kore o te Tiaki Auau
2.7.1 Ngā Hua o te Kore Tiaki
Ko te tiaki auau tētahi atu mea nui hei whakarite i te mahi tino pai me te roa o te ora o ngā takirere pūrerehua. Mā te kore e aro ki tēnei mahi nui ka arahi pea ki te koretake o te mahi, ki ngā mōrearea haumaru, me ngā whakatikatika utu nui.
Ki te kore e tiakina auautia ngā takirere pūrerehua, ka puta he maha ngā hua kino. Hei tauira, ka pakaru ngā hiri, ka pakaru pea ngā hiri nā te waku, te pānga ki ngā matū kino, te pāmahana tino kino rānei. Ki te kore e tirohia i te wā tika, ka turuturu pea ēnei hiri kua pakaru.
Ko te kohikohinga o ngā para tētahi atu hua kino. He maha ngā wā ka kohikohi te paru, te waikura, me ētahi atu poke i roto i te takirere, ka whakararu i te nekehanga o te takirere, ka whakararu hoki i tōna kaha hiri. Mā tēnei kohikohinga ka tere ake te pakaru o ōna wāhanga.
2.7.2 Ngā Otinga Tiaki
* Ngā Tirotiro Auau
Me tirotiro tonu ngā kaiwhakahaere mō ngā tohu o te pakaru, te waikura, te puranga paru rānei. Mā te kitenga wawe i ēnei raruraru ka taea te whakatika, te whakakapi rānei i te wā tika, hei ārai i ngā kino atu anō.
* Te horoi i te takirere
Mā te tango i te paru, te waikura, me ētahi atu poke ka pai te mahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te pirau o ngā wāhanga. Mō ngā takirere e whakahaere ana i ngā matū waikura, mā te paninga i tētahi paninga tiaki, i tētahi aukati rānei, ka taea te whakarato i tētahi atu paparanga tiaki waikura.
* Whakahinuhinu tika
Me whakahinuhinu tika kia whakaitihia te waku me te whakarite kia maeneene te nekehanga o ngā wāhanga takirere. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakahinuhinu hototahi ka ārai i te pakaru koretake, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te takirere. Me whiriwhiri e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakahinuhinu tika mō tā rātou whakamahinga.
2.8 Ngā hapa o te pūwhakaoho me te kakau
Ka taea e ngā pakaru o te pūwhakaoho me te kakau o ngā takirere pūrerehua te whakararu i ngā mahi, ā, ka nui hoki te utu mō te wā whakamutu.
2.8.1 Ngā take o te ngoikore o te actuator me te kakau
* Kāore i te rawaka te hinu whakahinuhinu
Ka whakawhirinaki ngā peera ki te hinu whakahinuhinu tika hei whakaiti i te waku me te pakaru. Ki te kore he hinu whakahinuhinu, ka nui rawa te wera me te ahotea ka puta, ka pakaru wawe. I roto i te wā, ka kore e ranea te hinu whakahinuhinu ka raru pea ngā peera, ka kore e taea te mahi i te takirere.
* Te hē o te tūnga
Ki te hē te tūnga i te wā tāutanga, i te wā whakahaere rānei, ka pā he taumahatanga taurite ki ngā peera me ngā wāhanga whakatere. Ka taea e tēnei tūnga hē te whakateretere i te kakahu me te whakaiti i te whai huatanga o te nekehanga o te takirere.
* Te eke pahikara nui rawa
Ka taea hoki e te huringa nui rawa o te takirere ki tua atu i ōna rohe hoahoa te arahi ki te pakaru. Ka taea e te whakatuwheratanga me te kati pinepine te pakaru o ngā tikanga o roto me ngā peera o te actuator. Mā tēnei nekehanga auau, inā koa i raro i ngā āhuatanga pēhanga teitei, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te ngenge miihini.
* Te urunga o te poke
Ka taea e te paru, te otaota, te makuku rānei e tomo ana ki te kakau o te actuator te waikura me te pakaru.
2.8.2 Ngā otinga mō ngā rahunga o te actuator me te peara
* Te whakahinuhinu auau
Mā te whakamahi i te momo hinu whakahinuhinu tika e ai ki te taunakitanga a te kaihanga ka whakaiti i te waku me te ārai i te wera nui.
* Te whakarite tika
He mea nui te whakarite tika i te wā tāutanga. Mā te whakarite kia tika te whakarite o te takirere me te kaiwhakaoho ka whakaitihia te taumahatanga koretake ki runga i ngā peera.
* Te whakawhāiti i te nui rawa o te pahikara
Me aroturuki ngā kaiwhakahaere i te whakamahinga o te takirere kia kore ai e hipa i ōna rohe hoahoa. Mō ngā tono e hiahia ana kia huri pinepine, mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakaoho kua hangaia mō te mahi huri tere ka whakarite kia pono.
Me tirotiro tonu ngā hiri huri noa i te pūwhakaoho me te kakau. Tirohia mēnā he whai hua ngā hiri e ārai ana i ngā poke pēnei i te puehu me te makuku. Mā te horoi i te takirere me ōna taha ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te urunga o ngā paru, ā, ka tiakina anō hoki ngā peera me te pūwhakaoho.
2.9 Ngā para me te kohikohinga o ngā poke
Mā te kohikohinga o ngā para me ngā poke i roto i ngā takirere pūrerehua ka kore te kōpae takirere e hoki ki tōna tūranga taketake, ka piki ake ngā utu tiaki, me ētahi atu mōrearea haumaru pea.
2.9.1 Ngā take o te kohikohinga o ngā para
*Te koretake o te horoi o ngā paipa
I te wā e tāuta ana, e tiaki ana rānei, ka uru te paru, te waikura, me ētahi atu matūriki ki roto i te paipa. Ka noho ēnei poke ki roto i te takirere, ka aukati i tana nekehanga, ka whakaiti i tana pai o te hiri.
*Ngā āhuatanga wai
Ka taea e ngā wai matotoru, ngā wai rānei kei roto ngā totoka iri te waiho i ngā toenga ki ngā mata o roto o te takirere. I roto i te wā, ka whakapakeketia ēnei toenga, ka āraihia hoki, ka whakararu i te mahi a te takirere. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā matūriki whakakoi i roto i ngā wai ahumahi te whakangaro i te nohoanga takirere, ka māmā ake ai te kohikohi o ngā paru.
*Te waikura me te horo
Ka taea e ngā mata whakarewa waikura te whakaputa i ngā matūriki ka konatunatua ki te wai, ka nui ake te paru i roto i te takirere. Waihoki, ko te mimiti i puta mai i ngā wai tere-tere, i ngā mea whakakoi rānei, ka taea te kino i ngā wāhanga o roto o te takirere, ka hanga he mata taratara ka taea te tau ki runga i ngā poke.
*Ngā tikanga tiaki hē
Ki te kore e horoia me te tirotirohia i ia wā, ka piki ake te nui o te paru me ngā poke e kore e taea te whakahaere.
2.9.2 Ngā otinga hei ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā paru
* Te tirotiro me te horoi i ngā paipa me ngā takirere i ia wā
Me tirotiro tonu ngā kaiwhakahaere mō ngā aukati, te kakahu, te kino rānei i puta mai i ngā poke. Hei tāpiri, me horoi tonu te pūnaha hei tango i te paru, te waikura me ētahi atu poke. Mō ngā paipa e whakahaere ana i ngā wai kei roto ngā totoka whakatārewatia, mā te tāuta i ngā ārai, i ngā tātari rānei i mua i te taenga atu ki te takirere ka āwhina i te hopu i ngā paru i mua i te taenga atu ki te takirere.
* Kōwhiringa rauemi
Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi ātete-waikura pērā i te maitai kore waikura, i ngā koranu paninga motuhake rānei, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakaputanga o ngā matūriki o roto. Ka pai ake hoki te ātete o ēnei rauemi ki ngā wai whakakoi, ka ārai i te horo me te kohikohinga o ngā paru.
* Ngā tikanga tāutanga tika
Mā te tirotiro i te paipa mō te paru me ngā para i mua i te tāutanga o te takirere ka ārai i ngā poke kei uru ki roto i te pūnaha. Mā te whakarite tika i te takirere me te whakau mau i a ia ka whakaitihia ngā āputa e taea ai e ngā para te noho.
3. Whakarāpopototanga
Ko ngā rahunga o te takirere pūrerehua me ōna otinga he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i ngā raruraru pēnei i te turuturu, te kakahu, te waikura me te tāutanga hē. Mā ngā mahi matatau ka pai te mahi, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā aukati. He mea nui te tiaki auau, te tāutanga tika me te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi hototahi hei whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te takirere. Mā te kōrero ki tētahi kaiwhakarato takirere pūrerehua ngaio me te whai i ngā tohutohu ka taea te whakapai ake i te pono me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi.