Ko ngā takirere pūrerehua me ngā takirere keti he momo takirere e rua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mahi tiaki wai ā-umanga me ngā mahi ā-tāone. He rerekētanga mārama kei roto i te hanganga, te mahi me te tono. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā takirere pūrerehua me ngā takirere keti mai i ngā āhuatanga o te kaupapa, te hanganga, te utu, te roa, te whakahaere rere, te tāutanga me te tiaki.
1. Mātāpono
Te Mātāpono o te Takirere Pūrerehua
Ko te āhuatanga nui rawa atu otakirere pūrerehuaKo tōna hanganga māmā me tōna hoahoa kiato. Ko tōna kaupapa mahi ko te hurihanga o te pereti pūrerehua porowhita huri noa i te kakau takirere hei tuaka pokapū hei whakahaere i te rere o te wai. He rite te pereti takirere ki tētahi pūwāhi tirotiro, ā, mā te whakaae a te pereti pūrerehua anake ka taea te whiti. Ina rite te pereti pūrerehua ki te ahunga rere o te wai, ka tuwhera katoa te takirere; ina poutū te pereti pūrerehua ki te ahunga rere o te wai, ka kati katoa te takirere. He poto rawa te wā whakatuwheratanga me te wā kati o te takirere pūrerehua, nā te mea e 90 nekehanga noa iho te hurihanga hei whakaoti i te mahi whakatuwheratanga, kati rānei. Koinei anō te take he takirere hurihuri, he takirere huri-hauwhā hoki.
Te Mātāpono o te Takirere Kēti
Ko te pereti takirere o tetakirere kuahaka neke ake, ka neke iho poutū ki te tinana takirere. Ina tino ara ake te kuaha, ka tino tuwhera te kōhao o roto o te tinana takirere, ā, ka taea e te wai te haere mā roto me te kore e āraia; ina tino heke te kuaha, ka tino āraia te wai. Nā te hoahoa o te takirere kuaha, kāore e ātete ki te rere ina tino tuwhera, nō reira he pai mō ngā tono e hiahia ana kia tino tuwhera, kia tino kati rānei. Me whakanui i konei he pai te takirere kuaha mō te whakatuwheratanga me te kati katoa! Heoi, he puhoi te tere urupare o te takirere kuaha, arā, he roa ake te wā whakatuwheratanga me te kati, nā te mea he maha ngā hurihanga hei huri i te wira ringaringa, i te taputapu kutukutu rānei kia tino tuwhera, kia tino kati hoki.
2. Te Hanganga
Te hanganga o te takirere pūrerehua
E ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, he tino māmā te hanganga o te takirere pūrerehua, tae atu ki ngā wāhanga matua pēnei i te tinana takirere, te pereti takirere, te pou takirere, te nohoanga takirere me te puku. E ai ki te pikitia i raro nei.
Tinana takirere:
He porotaka te tinana takirere o te takirere pūrerehua, ā, he awa poutū kei roto. Ka taea te hanga i te tinana takirere ki ngā rauemi rerekē, pērā i te rino maka, te rino ngāwari, te maitai kore waikura, te maitai waro, te konumohe parahi, me ētahi atu. Ko te tikanga, ko te whiriwhiri rauemi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te taiao whakamahi o te takirere pūrerehua me te āhua o te rauemi.
Pereti takirere:
Ko te pereti takirere te wāhanga whakatuwhera me te kati kua whakahuatia ake nei, he rite ki te kōpae te āhua. Ko te rauemi o te pereti takirere he rite tonu ki te tinana takirere, he teitei ake rānei i te tinana takirere, nā te mea kei te pā tika te takirere pūrerehua ki te reo, he rerekē ki te takirere pūrerehua pokapū kei reira te tinana takirere e wehea tika ana mai i te reo e te nohoanga takirere. Me whakapai ake ētahi reo motuhake i te ātete ki te kakahu, te ātete ki te waikura, me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei.
Kakau takirere:
Ka hono te kakau takirere i te pereti takirere me te puku, ā, koia te kawenga mō te tuku taipana hei huri i te pereti takirere. Ko te kakau takirere he mea hanga i te kowiri tira 420, i ētahi atu rauemi kaha rānei, kia tino kaha ai, kia roa ai hoki.
Nohoanga takirere:
Kei roto i te kōhao o roto o te tinana o te takirere te nohoanga takirere, ā, ka pa ki te pereti takirere hei hanga hiri hei whakarite kia kore ai e turuturu te reo ina kati te takirere. E rua ngā momo hiri: te hiri ngohengohe me te hiri mārō. He pai ake te mahi hiri o te hiri ngohengohe. Ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te rapa, te PTFE, me ētahi atu, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā takirere pūrerehua raina waenganui. He pai ngā hiri mārō mō ngā taiao pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei. Ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te SS304+Flexible Graphite, me ētahi atu, e kitea whānuitia ana i roto itakirere pūrerehua rerekē toru.
Kaiwhakaoho:
Ka whakamahia te pūwhakaoho hei akiaki i te kakau takirere kia huri. Ko ngā momo e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te ā-ringa, te hiko, te hauhautanga, te waipēhi rānei. Ko ngā pūwhakaoho ā-ringa ka whakahaerehia mā te whakamahi i ngā kakau, i ngā taputapu rānei, engari ka taea e ngā pūwhakaoho hiko, hauhautanga me te waipēhi te whakahaere mamao me te whakahaere aunoa.
Te hanganga o ngā takirere kuaha
He tino uaua te hanganga o te takirere kuaha. Haunga te tinana takirere, te pereti takirere, te pou takirere, te nohoanga takirere me te taraiwa, kei reira anō hoki ngā mea e takai ana, e taupokina ana te takirere, me ētahi atu (tirohia te pikitia i raro nei)
Tinana takirere:
Ko te tinana takirere o te takirere kuaha he āhua kāho, he āhua poro rānei, me te awaawa tika i roto. Ko te nuinga o ngā rauemi o te tinana takirere he rino maka, he maitai maka, he maitai kore waikura, he parahi, me ētahi atu. Waihoki, me whiriwhiri te rauemi e tika ana kia rite ki ngā tikanga whakamahinga.
Taupoki takirere:
Ka honoa te taupoki takirere ki te tinana takirere hei hanga i tētahi kōhao takirere kua kati. He pouaka whakakī kei runga i te taupoki takirere hei tāuta i te tākai me te hiri i te kakau takirere.
Keti + nohoanga takirere:
Ko te kēti te wāhanga whakatuwhera me te kati o te takirere kēti, he āhua porowhita te nuinga. Ka taea te kēti te noho hei kēti kotahi, hei hanganga kēti takirua rānei. Ko te takirere kēti e whakamahia whānuitia ana e tātou he kēti kotahi. Ko te rauemi kēti o te takirere kēti rapa he GGG50 kua hipokina ki te rapa, ā, ko te kēti o te takirere kēti hiri mārō he rauemi tinana + parahi, he maitai kore waikura rānei.
Kakau takirere:
Ka hono te kakau takirere i te kuaha me te kaiwhakaoho, ā, ka nekehia te kuaha ki runga, ki raro mā te tuku miro. Ko te rauemi o te kakau takirere he rauemi kaha-teitei pērā i te maitai kore waikura, te maitai waro rānei. E ai ki te nekehanga o te kakau takirere, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā takirere kuaha ki ngā takirere kuaha kakau piki me ngā takirere kuaha kakau kore-piki. Kei waho o te tinana takirere te miro kakau takirere o te takirere kuaha kakau piki, ā, e kitea mārama ana te āhua tuwhera me te kati; kei roto i te tinana takirere te miro kakau takirere o te takirere kuaha kakau kore-piki, he āhua kiato te hanganga, ā, he iti ake te wāhi tāutanga i te takirere kuaha kakau piki.
Te tākai:
Kei roto i te pouaka whakakī o te taupoki takirere te takai, e whakamahia ana hei hiri i te āputa i waenga i te kakau takirere me te taupoki takirere hei ārai i te turuturu. Ko ngā rauemi takai noa ko te karāpeti, te PTFE, te asbestos, me ētahi atu. Ka pēhia te takai e te repe hei whakarite i te mahi hiri.
Kaiwhakaoho:
• Ko te wira ā-ringa te mea tino noa, e akiaki ana i te tuku miro o te kakau takirere mā te huri i te wira ā-ringa hei neke i te kēti ki runga, ki raro. Mō ngā takirere kēti whānui, pēhanga teitei rānei, ka whakamahia pinepinetia ngā whakaoho hiko, hau, waipēhi rānei hei whakaiti i te kaha whakahaere me te tere ake o te whakatuwheratanga me te kati. He kaupapa anō tēnei. Ki te hiahia koe, tirohia te tuhinga.E hia ngā hurihanga hei kati i te takirere pūrerehuaKia pehea te roa e pau ana?
3. Te utu
Te utu o te takirere pūrerehua
He iti ake te utu o ngā takirere pūrerehua i ngā takirere kuaha. Nā te mea he poto te roa o te hanganga o ngā takirere pūrerehua, he iti ake ngā rauemi e hiahiatia ana, ā, he māmā noa te tukanga hanga. Hei tāpiri, he māmā ake ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, ka whakaitihia hoki te utu o te kawe me te tāutanga. Ko te painga utu o ngā takirere pūrerehua he tino kitea i roto i ngā paipa whānui.
Te utu o te takirere kuaha
He nui ake te utu hanga o ngā takirere kēti, inā koa mō ngā tono whānui, pēhanga teitei rānei. He uaua te hanganga o ngā takirere kēti, ā, he teitei te tika o te miihini o ngā pereti kēti me ngā nohoanga takirere, e hiahia ana kia nui ake ngā tukanga me te wā i roto i te tukanga hanga. Hei tāpiri, he taumaha ake ngā takirere kēti, e piki ake ai te utu o te kawe me te tāutanga.
E kitea ana i te tuhi i runga ake nei, mō te DN100 kotahi, he nui ake te takirere kuaha i te takirere pūrerehua.
4. Te pakari
Te pakari o te takirere pūrerehua
Ko te pakari o ngā takirere pūrerehua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nohoanga takirere me ngā rauemi o te tinana takirere. Ina koa, ko ngā rauemi hiri o ngā takirere pūrerehua hiri-ngāwari he mea hanga ki te rapa, ki te PTFE, ki ētahi atu rauemi ngāwari rānei, ka pakaru pea, ka tawhito rānei i te whakamahinga roa. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā rauemi hiri o ngā takirere pūrerehua hiri-mārō he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi hangai mahi-teitei, ki ngā hiri whakarewa rānei, nō reira kua tino pai ake te pakari.
I te nuinga o te wā, he pai te pakari o ngā takirere pūrerehua i roto i ngā pūnaha pēhanga iti me te pēhanga waenga, engari ka heke pea te mahi hiri i roto i ngā taiao pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana teitei.
He mea tika anō kia whakahuatia ka taea e ngā takirere pūrerehua te wehe i te reo mā te takai i te tinana takirere ki te nohoanga takirere hei ārai i te waikura o te tinana takirere. I taua wā anō, ka taea te whakakī katoa i te pereti takirere ki te rapa me te whakakikorua katoa ki te wheorine, e whakapai ake ana i tōna pakari ki ngā reo waikura.
Te pakari o ngā takirere kuaha
He rite tonu te raruraru o te hoahoa hiri nohoanga rapa o ngā takirere kēti ki ngā takirere pūrerehua, arā, te pakaru me te tawhito i te wā e whakamahia ana. Heoi, he pai te mahi a ngā takirere kēti hiri-mārō i roto i ngā taiao pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana teitei. Nā te mea he nui te ātete pakaru me te ātete waikura o te mata hiri whakarewa-ki-whakarewa o te takirere kēti, he roa ake te roa o tōna oranga mahi.
Heoi, he ngāwari te mau o te kuaha o te takirere kuaha e ngā poke o roto i te reo, ka pā pea tēnei ki tōna roa.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko tōna āhua me tōna hanganga e whakatau ana he uaua ki te hanga i tētahi arai katoa, nō reira mō te mea waikura kotahi, ahakoa he mea hanga ki te konganuku katoa, he arai katoa rānei, he nui ake tōna utu i tērā o te takirere kuaha.
5. Te whakahaere rere
Te whakahaere rere o te takirere pūrerehua
Ka taea e te takirere pūrerehua e toru-āhua rerekē te whakarerekē i te rere i ngā whakatuwheratanga rerekē, engari he āhua kore-rārangi te pihi āhuatanga rere, ina koa ka tata te takirere ki te tuwhera katoa, ka tino rerekē te rere. Nō reira, he pai anake te takirere pūrerehua mō ngā wāhanga he iti ngā whakaritenga tika mō te whakarerekētanga, ki te kore, ka taea te whiriwhiri i te takirere pōro.
Te whakahaere rere o te takirere kuaha
He mea hanga te takirere kuaha kia pai ake mō te whakatuwheratanga katoa, te kati rānei, engari kāore e tika mō te whakahaere i te rere. I te āhua tuwhera ā-wāhanga, ka puta te pōrearea me te wiri o te wai i te kuaha, ka ngāwari ai te pakaru i te nohoanga me te kuaha o te takirere.
6. Tāutanga
Te tāutanga o te takirere pūrerehua
He tino māmā te tāutanga o te takirere pūrerehua. He māmā, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia he tautoko nui i te wā e tāuta ana; he hanganga kiato, nō reira he tino pai mō ngā huihuinga he iti te wāhi.
Ka taea te tāuta i te takirere pūrerehua ki runga i ngā paipa i ngā ahunga katoa (whakapae, poutū rānei), ā, kāore he whakaritenga pakari mō te ahunga rere i roto i te paipa. Me mārama, i roto i ngā tono pēhanga teitei, whānui rānei, me noho tuwhera te pereti pūrerehua i te wā tāutanga kia kore ai e pakaru te hiri.
Te tāutanga o ngā takirere kēti
He uaua ake te tāutanga o ngā takirere kēti, inā koa ngā takirere kēti he whānui te whānui me ngā takirere kua hiritia. Nā te taumaha nui o ngā takirere kēti, me whakamahi tautoko me ngā tikanga whakapiri atu i te wā tāutanga hei whakarite i te pumau o te takirere me te haumaru o te kaiwhakauru.
Ko ngā takirere kēti he mea tāuta ki runga i ngā paipa whakapae, ā, me whai whakaaro ki te ahunga rere o te wai kia tika ai te tāutanga. Hei tāpiri, he roa te whakatuwheratanga me te kati o ngā takirere kēti, inā koa mō ngā takirere kēti e piki ana te kakau, ā, me rāhui he wāhi nui hei whakahaere i te wira ringaringa.
7. Te tiaki me te tiaki
Te tiaki i ngā takirere pūrerehua
He iti ake ngā wāhanga o ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, he ngāwari ki te wetewete me te huihui, nō reira he māmā ake te tiaki. I roto i ngā mahi tiaki o ia rā, ka tirohia te tawhito me te pakaru o te pereti takirere me te nohoanga takirere. Mena ka kitea kua pakaru rawa te mowhiti hiri, me whakakapi i te wā tika. Nō reira, ka tūtohu mātou kia hoko ngā kaihoko i ngā takirere pūrerehua ngohengohe-tuara ka taea te whakakapi. Mena he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te pānga hiri pai o te mata me te whakaotinga o te pereti takirere, me whakakapi anō hoki.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei reira te whakahinuhinu o te kakau takirere. Mā te whakahinuhinu pai ka āwhina i te ngāwari me te roa o te mahi a te takirere pūrerehua.
Te tiaki i ngā takirere kuaha
He maha ngā wāhanga o ngā takirere kēti, ā, he uaua ki te wetewete me te huihui, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha paipa nui, he nui te mahi tiaki. I te wā tiaki, me aro nui ki te hiki me te whakaheke maeneene o te kēti, me te mea kei roto i te awaawa o te tinana takirere he mea ke.
Mena kua rakuraku, kua tawhito rānei te mata e pā ana ki te nohoanga takirere me te kēti, me whakakanapa, me whakakapi rānei. Me whakahinuhinu hoki te kakau takirere.
Me aro nui ake ki te tiaki i te takai i te takirere pūrerehua. Ko te takai o te takirere kuaha ka whakamahia hei hiri i te āputa i waenga i te kakau takirere me te tinana takirere kia kore ai e turuturu te wai. Ko te tawhito me te pakaru o te takai he raruraru noa o ngā takirere kuaha. I te wā tiaki, me tirotiro tonu te piri o te takai, ā, me whakatikatika, me whakakapi rānei mēnā e tika ana.
8. Whakamutunga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, he pai, he ngoikoretanga hoki ō ngā takirere pūrerehua me ngā takirere kuaha e pā ana ki te mahi, te utu, te roa, te whakahaere rere me te tāutanga:
1. Mātāpono: He tere te whakatuwheratanga me te kati o ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, he pai mō ngā wā whakatuwheratanga me te kati tere; he roa te wā whakatuwheratanga me te kati o ngā takirere kēti.
2. Te Hanganga: He māmā te hanganga o ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, he uaua te hanganga o ngā takirere kēti.
3. Utu: He iti ake te utu o ngā takirere pūrerehua, inā koa mō ngā tono whānui; he nui ake te utu o ngā takirere kēti, inā koa mō ngā whakaritenga pēhanga teitei, ngā whakaritenga rauemi motuhake rānei.
4. Te Pakari: He pakari ake ngā takirere pūrerehua i roto i ngā pūnaha pēhanga iti me te pēhanga waenga; he pai te mahi a ngā takirere kēti i roto i ngā taiao pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana teitei, engari ko te whakatuwheratanga me te kati pinepine ka pā ki te roa o te ora.
5. Whakahaere rere: He pai ngā takirere pūrerehua mō te whakahaere rere matapōkere; he pai ake ngā takirere kēti mō ngā mahi tuwhera katoa, kati katoa rānei.
6. Tāutanga: He ngāwari te tāuta i ngā takirere pūrerehua, ā, e tika ana mō ngā paipa whakapae me ngā paipa poutū; he uaua te tāuta i ngā takirere kēti, ā, he pai mō te tāutanga paipa whakapae.
7. Te Tiaki: Ko te tiaki i ngā takirere pūrerehua e aro ana ki te pakaru me te tawhito o te pereti takirere me te nohoanga takirere, me te whakahinuhinu o te kakau takirere. Haunga ēnei, me tiaki anō hoki e te takirere kuaha te takai.
I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, me whai whakaaro whānuitia te kōwhiringa o ngā takirere pūrerehua, ngā takirere kēti rānei, kia rite ki ngā tikanga mahi me ngā whakaritenga motuhake kia pai ai te mahi me te penapena.